Monroe Doctorine essays

Monroe Doctorine essays 135 Isolationism is a policy or doctrine in which peace and economic advancement can best be achieved by detaching ones country from alliances and commitments with other countries. In actuality this means, it is the mindset and policy to keep your country away from other countries and their affairs. George Washington originally started this policy, which became a trend when he sternly stated that no permanent alliances be made during his term as president. In 1823 President James Monroe created the Monroe Doctrine, although the thinking was done much by John Q. Adams. In this doctrine, Monroe warned the European countries of the damage colonization and intervention can do to foreign affairs. Based on the pretenses outlined in the Monroe Doctrine, it is believed that this was isolationist doctrine. Monroe advised the European countries to steer clear of foreign intervention in his doctrine. Monroe had sympathy for the South American countries that were being taken over mostly by the Spanish, even though his concern was mainly for Foreign intervention in the Doctrine stated that Europe keep their monarchical and imperial type governments out of the Western Hemisphere. As for America, the United States was prohibited from getting involved with their wars or affairs, unless we were directly connected. These ideas definitely follow the definition of isolationism. Monroe was trying to get rid of all European authority in the Western Hemisphere and agreed to stay out of their affairs. This meant that the United States was only going to deal with our own country and not even have alliances. His main reason for this was to save America from war, therefore, for the good of peace. They detached themselves from the Eastern Hemisphere completely, in part to keep the peace. President Monroes doctrine, was whole-heartedly a isolationist policy. Monroe wanted to destroy all the Eu ...

How and When to Control Paper Wasps

How and When to Control Paper Wasps Though paper wasps are beneficial insects, they tend to nest in close proximity to people, putting us at risk for stings. In some cases, it may be necessary to control paper wasps to minimize such risk. What Are Paper Wasps? Paper wasps construct the familiar, open-celled paper nests we often see suspended from eaves or porch ceilings. Most paper wasps  in North America belong to the genus Polistes. Although their tendency to sting in defense of their nests can be of concern, these wasps do serve an important ecological purpose as predators of other insects. They collect caterpillars, beetle larvae, and other insect prey to feed their young. Dont be too quick to get rid of a paper wasp colony if it isnt causing a problem.   Each year, the paper wasp queen must build a new nest, which she does by masticating wood fibers into a pliable pulp. After she raises her first generation of eggs, these offspring will assume the role of construction workers, expanding the nest to meet the needs of the growing colony. By summer, the paper wasp nest can be quite large, reaching a width of 6–8 inches. In fall, freezing temperatures will kill all but the queen, who seeks shelter and hibernates for the winter. The nest degrades over winter and is rarely reused the next year. As with any insect, its important to identify it before determining how and when control is necessary. Be sure you know the differences between wasps, yellowjackets, and hornets before taking action. Do Paper Wasps Sting? Paper wasps can and will sting in defense of their nest or when threatened. Unlike honeybees, which have barbed stings and can sting only once, paper wasps can sting multiple times. A paper wasp can call other colony members using alarm pheromones, chemical messages that tell other wasps to help defend the nest from a threat. Try to stay calm and avoid swatting at paper wasps. Consider Coexisting Peacefully Before you do anything to get rid of paper wasps around your home, ask yourself if you can tolerate their presence. Paper wasps help keep hungry caterpillars and other plant pests in check, benefiting your landscape and garden. If a paper wasp nest is located on your property but away from high-use areas, consider leaving it alone. Although they do sting, they do so only in response to a threat. Humans and paper wasps can often coexist peacefully. Obviously, when someone in your household has a wasp venom allergy, you may need to remove any nests to minimize the risk of an allergic reaction to a sting. Use Caution Around Wasp Nests If a nest is located near an entrance to your home or by a porch or deck where you spend a lot of time, you may need to take action to control paper wasps. Check eaves, shutters, and other high-traffic areas in your yard early in the spring, when paper wasp queens are first building their nests. If you find one early in the spring, before the first generation of workers has reached adulthood, you can simply knock the nest down with a broom to discourage the queen from nesting in that location. Larger nests, or those found later in the season, should be handled cautiously. Never attempt to remove an active wasp nest during the day, when the insects are actively flying in and out of the nest. Wait until evening, when the paper wasps have settled in for the night, to treat or remove any nest. During periods of cool weather, you may be able to treat wasp nests, as the insects become lethargic when temperatures dip down to 50 F or lower. Advice on Using Sprays Chemical pesticides should be used as a control method of last resort for any insect pest. In this case, the safest method of eradicating paper wasps in a problem area is, indeed, with a commercial wasp spray. Look for a product labeled for use on wasps and hornets, and remember, the label is the law. You must read the label and follow all directions for using any pesticide product. Wasp sprays usually come with a propellant that allows you to spray the pesticide from a safe distance. Coat the nest in the pesticide, covering all the cells of the nest. Never stand directly below a paper wasp nest while applying the pesticide. Wasps may drop from the nest, and you also risk getting the chemical in your eyes or on your skin. Check the nest the next day for any signs of wasp activity. Before you remove a nest, you must be sure that no workers survived the pesticide application. Wasp sprays kill on contact. Wasps that were absent from the nest at the time you sprayed may return to the nest site. If you dont observe live wasps near the nest, use a broom or other long-handled tool to knock it down. Dispose of the nest by putting it in a sealed baggie and placing it in your household trash. Sources Cranshaw, Whitney. Garden Insects of North America.North Carolina Cooperative Extension. Controlling Paper Wasps In And Around Structures.University of Minnesota Extension.  Wasp and Bee Control.